Anchor Windlasses

As boat size increases, the size of their anchorsfrom the anchor roller back to a capstan or gypsy,
tends to increase as well. At some point manuallywraps around 180 degrees, and feeds through a
hauling in an anchor ceases to be an option, andhawse pipe and down into the chain locker. Again, the
boaters consider installing a windlass. Whether manualconfiguration of the boat dictates the feasibility of
or motor driven, windlasses make anchor retrievalthis system. Since the guts of the windlass are
relatively simple and worry free.below, the motor may interfere with living space or
Manual windlasses are available as either lever-typephysical limits of the chain locker. To pay out
(back and forth motion) or vertical axis (a circularproperly, manufacturers recommend at least 12"
winch-grinding motion). Lever-type windlasses areclearance from the top of the stowed rode to the
generally single speed, and vertical models, like sheettop of the locker. Before purchasing any windlass,
winches, have two speeds: a fast, low-power gearthe forepeak should be measured to ensure
for light loads, and a slower speed with higher powereverything fits. The windlass manufacturer can
for heavier loads.generally provide a plan detailing all the dimensions for
Electric windlasses haul ground tackle aboard with acommon installations.
touch of a button or a step on a pedal. Most areRode Types
available with remote controls for operation from theAll-rope rodes, most frequently used on smaller
helm or elsewhere on the boat, and nearly all offer aboats, require capstan-type windlasses. These are
self-tailing feature which takes in the slack as the linesimilar in appearance and operation to a sheet winch
is hauled in and feeds it into the locker below deck.on a sailboat, and haul in the line wound around the
The pulling power required from a windlass isdrum. Self-tailing is a desirable feature with all-rope
generally three times the unloaded weight of therodes.
anchor and chain, but most experts recommendAll-chain rodes, often favored by larger cruising boats,
figuring four times the unloaded weight as a safetyare handled by all-chain gypsies. Self-tailing is
factor when anchoring in rocky areas or in adverseunnecessary on a chain gypsy as the weight of the
conditions.chain peeling off the gypsy will cause the rode to
Horizontal or Verticalstow itself.
Although personal taste plays a part in choosingCombination rope/chain rodes are very popular, as
either a horizontal or vertical style windlass, much ofeven a short length of chain lends a lot of holding
the decision is by necessity based on the boat’spower to the anchor and the rope keeps the overall
size and layout. The size and configuration of theweight of the ground tackle down. Windlasses that
foredeck, chain locker and forepeak dictate much ofhandle rope/chain rodes use either a capstan
the criteria.mounted above a gypsy or a single unit with both
Horizontal windlasses are generally used on smallercapabilities. A gypsy handles chain through the use of
boats with limited under-deck space. Very large yachtinternal pockets which the chain links seat into. The
windlasses and most manual windlasses are alsochain and the pockets must be sized the same or
horizontal. The windlass is fitted directly over thethe chain will hang up. Combination models also use a
hawse pipe and positioned in line with the bow rollergypsy, but feature an internal groove that handles
to ensure a fair lead. Since the rode does not havethe rope. The separate capstan/gypsy configuration
to make many directional changes, it generallyrequires that the chain stopper be set after the rope
disappears down the hawse pipe neatly withoutis retrieved and changed to the gypsy to haul in the
kinking or jamming. Because the motor and gearboxchain, while the combination model allows "hands-off"
are located on deck, they are easily accessible.operation. Most combination models require that the
However, they are more exposed to the elementschain be joined to the rope by a splice, as the unit
and generally take up more deck space than verticalcannot accommodate a shackle. Most windlass
windlasses.manufacturers offer a few rope/chain models which
Vertical windlasses are installed with the motor andhandle the most commonly used specifications of
gearbox mounted below deck, and are very populareach. As a general rule, windlasses for boats under
because they leave the foredeck relatively40' use 1/2" line with 5/16" chain; for bigger boats, 5
uncluttered. Vertical windlasses are versatile as the8" rope with 3/8" chain.
rode can be led from any direction. The rode leads